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2004-05 Seminars
Comparative
Assessments Of Fossil Fuel Power Plants With CO2 Capture And Storage
Prof. Ed
Rubin
CMU
Abstract
Studies of CO2 capture and storage (CCS) costs necessarily employ a host of
technical and economic assumptions regarding the particular technology or
system of interest, including details regarding the capture technology design,
the power plant or gas stream treated, and the methods of CO2 transport and
storage. Because the specific assumptions employed can dramatically affect the
results of an analysis, published studies are often of limited value to
researchers, analysts and industry personnel seeking results for alternative
assumptions or plant characteristics. In the present paper, we use a
generalized modeling tool to estimate and compare the emissions, efficiency,
resource requirements and costs of PC, IGCC and NGCC power plants on a
systematic basis. This plant-level analysis explores a broader range of key
assumptions than found in recent studies we reviewed. In particular, the
effects on cost comparisons of higher natural gas prices and differential plant
utilization rates are highlighted, along with implications of financing and
operating assumptions for IGCC plants. The impacts of CCS energy requirements
on plant-level resource requirements and multi-media emissions also are
quantified. While some CCS technologies offer ancillary benefits via the
co-capture of certain criteria air pollutants, the increases in specific fuel
consumption, reagent use, solid wastes and other air pollutants associated with
current CCS systems are found to be significant. To properly characterize such
impacts, an alternative definition of the "energy penalty" is proposed in lieu
of the prevailing use of this term.
Slides
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