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2003-04 Seminars
The
Operation of Distributed Generation in the Restructured Power Industry
Judith
Cardell
Smith College
Abstract
Small-scale distributed generating
technologies are gradually replacing conventional generating
technologies for some applications in the electric power system. The
prospect of independent ownership for these distributed technologies is
being encouraged by the current deregulation of the industry, and it is
likely that these new generators will be independently operated as well
as independently owned. This presentation investigates locating numerous
small-scale generators in distribution feeders and the possible impact
of these facilities on the stability of the distribution system.
Simulations demonstrate, unexpectedly, that a small load disturbance is
capable of causing frequency instability in the primary dynamics of the
distributed generators. Eigenanalysis of the instability suggests that
it is a system, rather than individual facility, phenomenon. A method to
regain system stability along with an example of implementing this
method is presented.
With respect to the emerging
competitive markets, there is interest in developing both the
technologies and market structure necessary to allow distributed
generators to participate in energy and ancillary service markets. This
presentation introduces the use of a closed loop price signal designed
to coordinate generator actions in the competitive market while also
maintaining the desired level of system reliability and stability. Price
signals are one mechanism available to coordinate the operation of the
power system in the emerging competitive market. Results presented will
demonstrate the role of price in coordinating both the engineering and
the economic aspects of distributed generator operation in a
restructured power system. This paper demonstrates the ability of the
distributed generators to participate in a future competitive energy
market via a price signal coordinating system operation.
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